Basic Knowledge of Transformer Transportation

Transporting transformers involves specific considerations depending on their size and configuration.

Transformers Below 80 Tons

Recommendation: Transport with oil. Fill the space above the oil level with dry air to prevent moisture.
Conduct comparative tests before transportation, including insulation resistance, oil condition tests (water content, electrical strength if possible), and pressure gauge readings.

Transformers 80 Tons and Above

Recommendation: Do not transport with transformer oil. Fill the transformer body with dry gas (air or nitrogen) to maintain dryness.
Maintain the oil tank at a positive pressure of 0.01~0.03 MPa during transportation.

Monitoring and Testing

For transformers transported with dry gas:
1. Monitor vacuum/pressure and temperature regularly during transportation to detect any leaks that could compromise coil and insulation safety.
2. Record and compare pressure and temperature values with factory specifications.
3. Perform a dew point test if there are discrepancies in pressure/temperature relationships.

Shipping Procedures

Transformers shipped without oil should have all parts dismantled and be equipped with a shock recorder.
Ensure the transformer’s sealing performance remains intact throughout transportation and storage.
Regularly monitor gas pressure, following instructions and record sheets attached to the shipping manual.

Pressure Gauge and Filling Valve

Install under a protective cover (side or top of the transformer) for monitoring. Use a transparent or stainless steel cover that seals after each inspection.
Pressure gauge range: 0-60 kPa. Inflator outlet connected to a hose with 5-8 mm internal thread diameter.

Pressure Limits and Monitoring During Storage

Factory pressure at 20°C is 20 kPa, adjusting with ambient temperature changes (positive pressure maintained even at -25°C).
Check pressure regularly; report complete pressure loss immediately as it indicates a leak or moisture ingress.
Maintain pressure above 20 kPa in colder climates, ensuring dry air dew point is below -40°C before filling.

In conclusion, adhering to these guidelines ensures the safe and effective transportation of transformers, preserving their integrity and performance during handling and storage.